According to Kodak (circa 1985. Disneyland’s 30th anniversary), the Floral Mickey in front of the Main Street Train Station at Disneyland Park is one of the most photographed locations in the world. Only the Taj Mahal & the Eiffel Tower gets more pictures taken on them annually.
Tourists, as they enter that family fun park, typically get in line as soon as they come through the turnstiles. Just so they can then get that “We were there” shot (Especially these days, in our “if-you-don’t-have-pics-it-didn’t-happen” age).
Given how many people get their pictures taken in front of the Floral Mickey, the Horticulture and Resort Enhancement Team at Disneyland Park make sure that they always keep it looking its best.
How Often is The Floral Mickey Replanted Each Year?
This typically involves replanting the Floral Mickey 9 times a year.
This process that is typically done on third shift so that Mickey always looks his best whenever Guests show up at the Park.
How Many Flowers is in The Floral Mickey at Disneyland?
Every time that Floral Mickey gets replanted, between the floral filigrees & flourishes off to the side of Mickey’s face and the annuals that need to be replaced within the actual borders of his massive mouse face, you’re typically talking 9,000 flowers.
To put that in perspective: Every year, the horticultural department at Disneyland Park, in order to maintain that theme park’s 7 total acres of annual beds, has to bring a million flowers in from outside greenhouses. And almost a tenth of those annuals this family fun park buys annually are used just to keep that Floral Mickey looking sharp.
Creating the First Floral Mickey at Disneyland
Were we to jump back some 66 years to less than 6 days before Disneyland Park first opened to the public, the Floral Mickey had yet to be planted.
Which genuinely concerned Joe Fowler. Who was the Park Construction Administrator for Walt’s family fun park. Which is why on July 11, 1955 Joe sent a memo to Jack Evans (who, along with his brother Morgan “Bill” Evans, was handling a lot of Disneyland’s horticultural aspects).
That memo read:
When are you going to plant Mickey Mouse in the entrance? Looks to me like the time is getting pretty late.
Joe fowler – July 11, 1955
Walt Disney’s Original Plan for a Floral Mickey
A Floral Mickey dates as far back as 1953. When Disneylandia was supposed to be built on the other side of Riverside Drive, just across from the Disney Lot in Burbank, the front entrance of Walt’s family fun park was supposed to have had a Floral Mickey.
To Walt’s way of thinking, this floral element was the equivalent of that pie-eyed Mickey you saw surrounded by a sunburst at the start of every technicolor Mickey Mouse cartoon from the 1930s. It was a Disney-specific way of saying “Welcome! You’re in for a good time today”.
Why Wait Until the Last Minute: Problems at Disneyland
Why was this part of the Disneyland project not started ‘til the very last minute? Well, there are a couple of reasons.
Money got very, very tight towards the end of Disneyland’s construction. And one of the areas that got really impacted by this ever-tightening budget was the horticultural aspects of this project.
At the 10th anniversary party for Disneyland, Walt told the story about how, when money ran out to landscape large sections of Tomorrowland, Bill Evans just had signs & labels made up for the weeds that grew naturally at the construction site. Bill had these signs made up with the full Latin names of each of these weeds. So that when Guests looked at them they’d then think “Oh, these plants must have been deliberately planted like that. What an unusual idea.
But there was another key reason that the Floral Mickey hadn’t been planted in front of the Main Street Train Station by July 11, 1955 (just 6 days before the big live broadcast on ABC of “Dateline Disneyland.” And it’s something that The Walt Disney Company really doesn’t like to talk about.
A turf war broke out at the Disneyland construction site in Anaheim in the Spring of 1955 when it came to who would decide what would get planted where at Walt’s family fun park.
Professional Landscapers: Bill & Jack Evans – and Ruth Shellhorn
To understand what happened here, we have to go back to 1949. Walt purchased a lot on Carolwood Drive in the Holmby Hills neighborhood of Los Angeles. It was here that Disney would build his 1/8th scale Carolwood Pacific Railway (which included a 90-foot-long stretch of tunnel that took Walt’s guests under his wife Lily’s flowerbeds).
Bill and Jack Evans
Because Lillian insisted that, to avoid annoying their new neighbors in Holmby Hills, Walt had to hide as much of his backyard steam train set-up away from prying eyes as possible. He then hired the Evans & Reeves nursery in West Los Angeles to come landscape his property. And Walt was supposedly so pleased with the work that Bill Evans and his brother Jack had done that, when the Disneyland project finally got funded in 1954, Disney reached out to the Evans again and invited them to come on out to Anaheim and turn 160 acres of what used to be orange groves & walnut trees into a highly themed, beautifully landscaped family fun park.
The only problem here was the Evans weren’t professionally trained landscapers.
Bill had gone to Stanford University in the 1920s to study engineering. More to the point, while they had done plantings at the homes of some of the biggest stars in Hollywood – Greta Garbo, Clark Gable & Elizabeth Taylor among them – Bill & Jack had never done anything of this size before. I mean, this wasn’t going to be some sort of elaborate backyard garden at a private home. Disneyland was going to be this vast commercial enterprise that thousands of people would enter every day. The daily wear & tear on this family fun park’s ornamental trees & flower beds was going to be extraordinary.
Finally realizing that, while Walt obviously personally liked Bill & Jack, the Evans were kind of in over their heads when it came to the Disneyland project.
Walt then reached to Walter Becket (the architect that Disney had originally consulted when he was first thinking of building Disneylandia). This was the late Winter / early Spring of 1955 (roughly 5 months out from the grand opening of Disneyland) and asked if Beckett had a landscape architect that he could recommend. Someone who had enough professional experience to tackle a horticultural project of this size.
Introducing Ruth Shellhorn
Walter immediately recommended Ruth Shellhorn. Shellhorn was a Los Angeles native who had attended Oregon State University’s School of Landscape Architecture before she then continued with her studies at Cornell. In the early 1950s, Ruth had been the landscape architect for a string of Bullock’s shopping plazas, where she combined elements of park planning with the suburban mall. In short, Shellhorn had done projects of size before like Disneyland Park which had to accommodate the movement of thousands of people every day.
Given that there was something of a ticking clock here (More importantly, given that it was absolutely crucial that Disneyland’s Jungle Cruise ride be surrounded by this deep, thick, totally authentic-looking forest full of exotic plants when this Adventureland attraction opened in July of 1955), a command decision was made:
Ruth would concentrate on completing Disneyland’s entrance (which obviously included that Floral Mickey), Main Street U.S.A., the area around the Hub and Sleeping Beauty Castle as well as the entrance to Tomorrowland. Bill & Jack will then concentrate on completing Adventureland’s Jungle Cruise as well as the planting which was already underway in & around Frontierland.
Landscaping Troubles
The problem here was Ruth Shellhorn was a late arrival to the Disneyland Project. More to the point, she was a professional when it came to the world of landscape architecture. Which is why, Shellhorn handed down orders out in the field to the guys who were driving the bulldozers around that Anaheim construction site, Ruth then expected those orders to be followed.
Now the onsite construction team, they’d been following the order of the Evans up until this time. And then suddenly there was this new woman there asking them to regrade things that had supposedly been completed weeks earlier. As a direct result, there was a certain amount of carping & complaining coming from the Disneyland construction team. And initially things didn’t get done as quickly as Shellhorn would have liked.
So Ruth went to Walt and then Walt lowered the boom at the Disneyland construction site.
He made it exceedingly clear that, from here-on in, Shellhorn’s orders while she was out on the field were to be followed to the letter. Because it was crucial that Disneyland Park make its previously announced July 17th opening date.
Butting Heads with Walt
The problem was, as Disneyland’s opening date kept getting closer & closer and the budget for this ambitious project got tighter & tighter, Ruth’s follow-my-orders-precisely attitude began to butt heads with Walt’s far more casual attitude. After all, Disney had dreamed up this whole project. And when he was at the construction site and see something that he didn’t like, Walt would then ask workers in the field to pull up survey stakes and shift a walkway 10 feet to the left. Or ask for a tree to be ripped out so that it then wouldn’t block the view of Sleeping Beauty Castle.
This often put Ruth Shellhorn at odds with Walt. I mean, Shellhorn understood that in the end, it’s the client’s wishes that need to be followed. But so many of these sorts of decisions, especially during the final weeks of construction on Disneyland, were made on the fly out in the field – with Ruth learning well after the fact. Which then meant that she needed to adjust all of her carefully crafted landscaping plans for this family fun park at the very last minute. Which was aggravating & stressful.
On the other hand, the Evans, who were already familiar with Walt’s ways after having landscaped the Disney family home in Holmby Hills in late 1949 / early 1950, just rolled with the punches. Whatever Walt asked them to do at the Disneyland construction site, Bill & Jack did – no questions asked.
Mind you, when the Evans missed deadlines (They spent so much time concentrating on making Adventureland look like the best jungle north of Costa Rica that Bill & Jack neglected Frontierland), Shellhorn picked up the slack. In the final ten days of construction, she created landscapes designs for three different areas in Frontierland. Ruth even got down in the dirt herself to help with the planting of seedlings.
The Floral Mickey Ready for Disneyland’s Opening Day
Shellhorn’s very hands-on attitude even extended to Disneyland’s Floral Mickey. Ruth had put a lot of advance thought into this project. She’d put together a palette of bright seasonal annuals that would then really make this massive mouse’s face pop with color, such as dwarf pink phlox for Mickey’s tongue.
By the way, after Joe Fowler’s memo to Jack Evans on July 11th … Bill supposed built & then installed the framework for Mickey’s face in that hillside directly below the Main Street Train Station on July 13th. Ruth then directed the planting of those thousands of colorful annuals into the framework that formed the floral Mickey on July 15th. And two days later, at the very start of “Dateline Disneyland,” Art Linkletter stood in front of that Floral Mickey and welcomed television viewers around the globe to Walt’s family fun park.
Opening Day Aftermath
Yes, because things were done so close to deadline, things got stressful. Perhaps too stressful. Just two weeks after Disneyland Park opened, Jack Evans suffered a massive heart attack. He never returned to the field after that. He stayed back at the Evans & Reaves Nursery and mostly handled paperwork from there on in. But even that proved to be too much for Jack. After another cardiac episode, he passed away in 1958.
Perhaps unfairly, the fact that the horticultural aspect of the Disneyland project had gotten so stressful towards the end of its construction was placed at the feet of Ruth Shellhorn. One might argue that, because the construction teams in Anaheim had initially been so tough of her, Shellhorn then had to push back. Be as tough as they were.
Bill Evans, Disney Legend (1992)
Walt felt just terrible about what happened to Jack. He wound up throwing a lot of work Bill’s way. So much so that Evans would eventually go on design the landscape of Disney’s theme parks for the next half a century. I mean, even though Bill officially retired from the Mouse House in 1975, the Company kept calling him back to consult on every theme park they built after that. Right up until Hong Kong Disneyland (which would open in September of 2005). Bill died three years prior to the opening of that theme park at the age of 92.
From the planning of Disneyland to consulting in the planning for Hong Kong Disneyland, expected to open three years from now, has died. He was 92.
Ruth Shellhorn
As for Ruth Shellhorn, the talented landscape architect who’d come in at virtually the last minute and helped Disneyland Park to open on time, she wasn’t invited to stay on the project. Ruth moved on to other things.
Mind you, Shellhorn’s involvement in the creation of Disneyland is acknowledged. In certain spots. You just have to know where to look for them. There’s that “Disneyland – World of Flowers” book (which was published back in 1965 as part of that theme park’s tencennial).
In the foreword that Disney personally wrote for this hardcover, Walt said:
In giving credit for the landscaping at the Park, it is impossible to mention all who have contributed. Special plaudits are due to Ruth Patricia Shellhorn for her design of the formal Victorian plan for Main Street, the Town Square, and the Plaza. The trees and shrubs she selected in the spring of 1955 are still used today.
Walt disney, 1965
Which includes that Floral Mickey right below the Main Street Train Station. Which, again, only got planted just days before Walt’s family fun park first opened to the public and then went on to become one of the most photographed things in the world.
Not bad for something that was thrown together at the very last moment.
Just keep that in mind when you start a book report that’s due on Monday morning on Sunday night.